Wed. Oct 7th, 2026

Comparative venom gland transcriptomics of Naja kaouthia (monocled cobra) from Malaysia and Thailand: elucidating geographical venom variation and insights into sequence novelty.

BACKGROUNDThe monocled cobra (Naja kaouthia) is a medically important venomous snake in Southeast Asia. Its venom has been shown to vary geographically in relation to venom composition and neurotoxic activity, indicating vast diversity of the toxin genes within the species. To investigate the polygenic trait of the venom and its locale-specific variation, we profiled and compared the venom gland transcriptomes of N. kaouthia from Malaysia (NK-M) and Thailand (NK-T) applying next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology.

TH1 Antibody

CSB-PA118575XA01DOA-02mg 0.2mg Ask for price
Description: Recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana TH1 protein

TH1 Antibody

CSB-PA118575XA01DOA-10mg 10mg Ask for price
Description: Recombinant Arabidopsis thaliana TH1 protein

Th1-Like (Drosophila) Antibody

abx116055-100g 100 µg Ask for price

Th1-Like (Drosophila) Antibody

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EUR 612.5

Th1-Like (Drosophila) Antibody

20-abx116055
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  • 50 ul
  • 150 ul

Th1-Like (Drosophila) Antibody

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TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein)

MBS6001598-02mL 0.2(mL
EUR 695

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein)

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EUR 2975

TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) Antibody

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TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) Antibody

abx432026-100g 100 µg
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TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) Antibody

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TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) Antibody

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TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) Antibody

abx238656-100ug 100 ug
EUR 610.8

TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) Antibody

abx238656-50l 50 µl
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TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) Antibody

abx123088-100l 100 µl
EUR 175

TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) Antibody

abx123088-1ml 1 ml
EUR 400

TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) Antibody

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EUR 275

TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) Antibody

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TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) Antibody

abx122033-100ug 100 ug
EUR 469.2

TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) Antibody

abx122033-20l 20 µl
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TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) Antibody

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Rat Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E01A17249 96T
EUR 700
Description: ELISA

Rat Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E02T0932-48wellsplate 48 wells plate
EUR 280

Rat Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E02T0932-96wellsplate 96 wells plate
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Goat Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E01A52146 96T
EUR 700
Description: ELISA

Goat Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E06T0932-48wellsplate 48 wells plate
EUR 280

Goat Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E06T0932-96wellsplate 96 wells plate
EUR 405

Mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E01A25996 96T
EUR 700
Description: ELISA

Sheep Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E01A104440 96T
EUR 700
Description: ELISA

Human Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E01A8506 96T
EUR 700
Description: ELISA

Human Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E01T0932-48wellsplate 48 wells plate
EUR 280

Human Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E01T0932-96wellsplate 96 wells plate
EUR 405

Mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E03T0932-48wellsplate 48 wells plate
EUR 280

Mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E03T0932-96wellsplate 96 wells plate
EUR 405

Sheep Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E14T0932-48wellsplate 48 wells plate
EUR 280

Sheep Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E14T0932-96wellsplate 96 wells plate
EUR 405

Rabbit Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E01A34712 96T
EUR 700
Description: ELISA

Canine Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E01A69576 96T
EUR 700
Description: ELISA

Monkey Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E01A78293 96T
EUR 700
Description: ELISA

Bovine Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E01A87018 96T
EUR 700
Description: ELISA

Canine Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E08T0932-48wellsplate 48 wells plate
EUR 280

Canine Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E08T0932-96wellsplate 96 wells plate
EUR 405

Bovine Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E11T0932-48wellsplate 48 wells plate
EUR 280

Bovine Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E11T0932-96wellsplate 96 wells plate
EUR 405

Monkey Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E09T0932-48wellsplate 48 wells plate
EUR 280

Monkey Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E09T0932-96wellsplate 96 wells plate
EUR 405

Rabbit Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E04T0932-48wellsplate 48 wells plate
EUR 280

Rabbit Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E04T0932-96wellsplate 96 wells plate
EUR 405

Porcine Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E01A60864 96T
EUR 700
Description: ELISA

Chicken Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E12T0932-48wellsplate 48 wells plate
EUR 280

Chicken Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E12T0932-96wellsplate 96 wells plate
EUR 405

Chicken Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E01A95723 96T
EUR 700
Description: ELISA

Porcine Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E07T0932-48wellsplate 48 wells plate
EUR 280

Porcine Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E07T0932-96wellsplate 96 wells plate
EUR 405

Human Th1/Th2/Th17 Multiplex ELISA

CK500940 96 Tests Ask for price

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (AP)

MBS6355327-02mL 0.2mL
EUR 980

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (AP)

MBS6355327-5x02mL 5x0.2mL
EUR 4250

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (PE)

MBS6355337-02mL 0.2mL
EUR 980

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (PE)

MBS6355337-5x02mL 5x0.2mL
EUR 4250

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (APC)

MBS6355328-02mL 0.2mL
EUR 980

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (APC)

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EUR 4250

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (FITC)

MBS6355330-02mL 0.2mL
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TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (FITC)

MBS6355330-5x02mL 5x0.2mL
EUR 4250

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (Biotin)

MBS6355329-02mL 0.2mL
EUR 980

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (Biotin)

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Bird Cytokine TH1 ELISA Kit

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Bird Cytokine TH1 ELISA Kit

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Bird Cytokine TH1 ELISA Kit

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Bird Cytokine TH1 ELISA Kit

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TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (MaxLight 405)

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TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (MaxLight 405)

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TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (MaxLight 490)

MBS6355333-01mL 0.1mL
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TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (MaxLight 490)

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TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (MaxLight 550)

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TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (MaxLight 550)

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TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (MaxLight 650)

MBS6355335-01mL 0.1mL
EUR 980

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (MaxLight 650)

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EUR 4250

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (MaxLight 750)

MBS6355336-01mL 0.1mL
EUR 980

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (MaxLight 750)

MBS6355336-5x01mL 5x0.1mL
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Humi/TempDatalogger(EBI 20-TH1) - EACH

THE1844 EACH
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Guinea Pig Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E01A43429 96T
EUR 700
Description: ELISA

Guinea Pig Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E05T0932-48wellsplate 48 wells plate
EUR 280

Guinea Pig Th1/Th2/Th17 ELISA kit

E05T0932-96wellsplate 96 wells plate
EUR 405

Human Th1/Th2/Th17 Panel ( 11-plex)

HMX791 11- Plex
EUR 1570

Human Th1/Th2/Th17 Panel ( 12-plex)

HMX792 12- Plex
EUR 1680

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (Azide free) (HRP)

MBS6355331-02mL 0.2mL
EUR 980

TH1L, CT (TH1L, NELFD, TH1, Negative elongation factor C/D, TH1-like protein) (Azide free) (HRP)

MBS6355331-5x02mL 5x0.2mL
EUR 4250

Recombinant Claviceps fusiformis Trihydrophobin (TH1)

MBS1441485-002mgBaculovirus 0.02mg(Baculovirus)
EUR 1250

Recombinant Claviceps fusiformis Trihydrophobin (TH1)

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EUR 920

Recombinant Claviceps fusiformis Trihydrophobin (TH1)

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EUR 1045

Recombinant Claviceps fusiformis Trihydrophobin (TH1)

MBS1441485-01mgEColi 0.1mg(E-Coli)
EUR 1105

Recombinant Claviceps fusiformis Trihydrophobin (TH1)

MBS1441485-01mgYeast 0.1mg(Yeast)
EUR 1185

Human Th1/Th2 Panel 1 (6-Plex)

HMX776 96 Tests
EUR 1000

Human Th1/Th2 Panel 1 (6-Plex)

HMX776T 32 Tests
EUR 640

Human Th1/Th2 Panel 2 (6-Plex)

HMX786 96 Tests
EUR 1000

Human Th1/Th2 Panel 2 (6-Plex)

HMX786T 32 Tests
EUR 640

Human TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) ELISA Kit

abx383733-1096tests 10 × 96 tests Ask for price

Human TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) ELISA Kit

abx383733-596tests 5 × 96 tests Ask for price

Human TH1-Like (Drosophila) (TH1L) ELISA Kit

abx383733-96tests 96 tests
EUR 687.5

Human T Helper 1 (TH1)ELISA Kit

YLA4223HU-48T 48T Ask for price

Human T Helper 1 (TH1)ELISA Kit

YLA4223HU-96T 96T Ask for price

Mouse TH1/Th2 MULTI-PLEX Panel (5-Plex)

MMX772 32 Tests
EUR 600

Mouse TH1/Th2 MULTI-PLEX Panel (5-Plex)

MMX775T 96 Tests
EUR 950

Human Th1/TH2 MULTI-PLEX Panel (10-Plex)

HMX770 96 Tests
EUR 1460

Human Th1/TH2 MULTI-PLEX Panel (10-Plex)

HMX770T 32 Tests
EUR 920

Rat Th1/Th2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (7-Plex)

RMX170T 96 Tests
EUR 1650

Rat Th1/Th2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (7-Plex)

SMR170 32 Tests
EUR 750

Human Th1/TH2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (7-Plex)

HMX170 96 Tests
EUR 1170

Human Th1/TH2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (7-Plex)

HMX170T 32 Tests
EUR 750

Mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (7-Plex)

MMX170T 96 Tests
EUR 1200

Mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (7-Plex)

MMX171 32 Tests
EUR 750

Human Th1/TH2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel 14-Plex)

HMX174 96 Tests
EUR 2150

Human Th1/Th2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (14-Plex)

HMX174T 32 Tests
EUR 1170

Human Th1/TH2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (18-Plex)

HMX178 96 Tests
EUR 2650

Human Th1/TH2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (18-Plex)

HMX178T 32 Tests
EUR 1450

Mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (18-Plex)

MMX170 32 Tests
EUR 1450

Mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel 10-Plex)

MMX171T 96 Tests
EUR 1550

Mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (14-Plex)

MMX174T 96 Tests
EUR 2100

Mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (14-Plex)

MMX176 32 Tests
EUR 1200

Mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (16-Plex)

MMX176T 96 Tests
EUR 2350

Mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (16-Plex)

MMX178 32 Tests
EUR 1350

Mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel (18-Plex)

MMX178T 96 Tests
EUR 2700

Mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 MULTI-PLEX Panel 10-Plex)

SMM170 32 Tests
EUR 950

Mouse Th1/Th2 Panel, Antigen Standards: Pre-Mixed

MMX770 5 Plex
EUR 180

Rat Th1/Th2/Th17 Panel, Antigen Standard: Pre-Mixed

RX31132 7 Plex
EUR 180

Mouse TH1/Th2/Th17 Panel, Antigen Standards: Pre-Mixed

MX65121 18-Plex
EUR 210

Mouse TH1/Th2/Th17 Panel, Antigen Standards: Pre-Mixed

SMM171 7 Plex
EUR 180

Mouse TH1/Th2/Th17 Panel, Antigen Standards: Pre-Mixed

SMM174 10-Plex
EUR 180

Mouse TH1/Th2/Th17 Panel, Antigen Standards: Pre-Mixed

SMM176 14-Plex
EUR 210

Mouse TH1/Th2/Th17 Panel, Antigen Standards: Pre-Mixed

SMM178 16-Plex
EUR 210

Human Th1/Th2/Th17 Panel, Antigen Standards: Pre-Mixed

SMX170 7 Plex
EUR 180

Human Th1/Th2/Th17 Panel, Antigen Standards: Pre-Mixed

SMX174 14 Plex
EUR 210

Human Th1/Th2/Th17 Panel, Antigen Standards: Pre-Mixed

SMX178 18 Plex
EUR 230

Human Th1 and Th2 Cell Differentiation Primer Library

HTHD-I 1 set
EUR 657.6

Multiplex Human Cytokine ELISA Kit (Th1/Th2/Th17 Cytokines)

MBS590071-192Wells 192Wells
EUR 2305

Multiplex Human Cytokine ELISA Kit (Th1/Th2/Th17 Cytokines)

MBS590071-3x192Wells 3x192Wells
EUR 5305

Multiplex Human Cytokine ELISA Kit (Th1/Th2/Th17 Cytokines)

MBS590071-96Wells 96Wells
EUR 1345

NELFCD (Negative Elongation Factor C/D, NELF-C/D, NELF-C, NELFD, NELF-D, HSPC130, TH1-like Protein, TH1, TH1L)

MBS648221-005mg 0.05mg
EUR 630

NELFCD (Negative Elongation Factor C/D, NELF-C/D, NELF-C, NELFD, NELF-D, HSPC130, TH1-like Protein, TH1, TH1L)

MBS648221-5x005mg 5x0.05mg
EUR 2680

NELFCD (Negative Elongation Factor C/D, NELF-C/D, NELF-C, NELFD, NELF-D, HSPC130, TH1-like Protein, TH1, TH1L)

MBS6004954-02mL 0.2(mL
EUR 630

NELFCD (Negative Elongation Factor C/D, NELF-C/D, NELF-C, NELFD, NELF-D, HSPC130, TH1-like Protein, TH1, TH1L)

MBS6004954-5x02mL 5x0.2mL
EUR 2680

Human Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg Multi-plex panle ( 10-Plex)

HMX795 96 tests
EUR 1480

human DIAplex Human Th1/Th2 Inflammation 10-plex C

M880100010 1 unit
EUR 1443.77

Recombinant Trichoderma harzianum Guanyl-specific ribonuclease Th1

MBS1093779-002mgBaculovirus 0.02mg(Baculovirus)
EUR 1030

Recombinant Trichoderma harzianum Guanyl-specific ribonuclease Th1

MBS1093779-002mgEColi 0.02mg(E-Coli)
EUR 605

Recombinant Trichoderma harzianum Guanyl-specific ribonuclease Th1

MBS1093779-002mgYeast 0.02mg(Yeast)
EUR 780

Recombinant Trichoderma harzianum Guanyl-specific ribonuclease Th1

MBS1093779-01mgEColi 0.1mg(E-Coli)
EUR 700

Recombinant Trichoderma harzianum Guanyl-specific ribonuclease Th1

MBS1093779-01mgYeast 0.1mg(Yeast)
EUR 915

Nelfcd (GFP-tagged) - Mouse TH1-like homolog (Drosophila) (Th1l)

MG209209 10 µg Ask for price

Nelfcd (untagged) - Mouse TH1-like homolog (Drosophila) (Th1l), (10ug)

MC205703 10 µg Ask for price

METHODSThe transcriptomes were sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq platform, assembled and followed by transcript clustering and annotations for gene expression and function. Pairwise or multiple sequence alignments were conducted on the toxin genes expressed. Substitution rates were studied for the major toxins co-expressed in NK-M and NK-T.